One of the best ways to keep calves healthy and growing is to limit their exposure to harmful bacteria. Even when calves who are exposed to disease pathogens do not become ill, they still exert valuable energy to fight off the disease and this impacts growth and ultimately costs money. “When calves are exposed to fewer environmental challenges, they have more energy to utilise toward feed conversion and weight gain,” explains Christie Underwood, Ph.D., calf and heifer specialist wit
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